Chromium sputtering target(Cr)Product overview

Chromium is the fourth transition metal found in the periodic table of elements, with an electronic configuration of [Ar] 3d54s1. Chromium is the first element in the periodic table where the ground state electronic configuration violates the recurrence principle. This phenomenon has also successively occurred in the electronic configuration of other elements, such as copper (Cu), niobium (Nb), and molybdenum (Mo). This phenomenon occurs due to the repulsion of two electrons in the same orbital domain. Elements that adhere to the principle of recursion require a significant amount of energy to transition electrons to higher energy levels, which is insufficient to compensate for the reduced energy caused by reducing the repulsive force between pairs of electrons; However, in 3D transition metals, the energy gap between the 4s orbital domain and the adjacent 3D orbital domain with higher energy levels is very small, while the 3D orbital domain has five equal energy levels, and its electrons with the same spin can be exchanged to reduce energy and achieve stability. Taking chromium as an example, according to the recursion principle, the electronic configuration should be [Ar] 4s23d4. However, if the electronic configuration is [Ar] 4s13d5, making both the 4s and 3d orbital domains appear semi filled, it can reduce energy and make it more stable.

Most of them are used to make special steel such as stainless steel, such as automotive parts, tools, magnetic tapes, video tapes, kitchen knives, and other kitchen supplies. "It can enhance the strength of steel and has excellent heat resistance. It is used in the manufacture of superalloys (ultra heat and corrosion resistant alloys) for aircraft engines and nuclear power equipment, as well as in plating and other applications.".

Chromium plating is divided into two categories: protective and decorative chromium plating and wear-resistant chromium plating. The former is to prevent rust on the base metal and beautify the appearance of the product, while the latter is to improve the hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and temperature resistance of mechanical parts. The chromium plating layer has high hardness and low friction coefficient. Decorative chromium plating involves plating a 0.25 to 2um chromium layer on a bright substrate. Porous chromium is mainly used in the inner cavity of cylinders and piston rings to improve the wear resistance of parts by using the lubricating oil sucked in by its micropores. Black chrome plating is used on parts that require matting and wear resistance. Milk white chromium plating is mainly used for various measuring tools.
Chromium can be used to make pigments such as "chrome green" and "chrome yellow".